Adaptive decision-making depends on the formation of Sandals novel memories.In Drosophila, the mushroom body (MB) is the site of associative olfactory long-term memory (LTM) storage.However, due to the sparse and stochastic representation of olfactory information in Kenyon cells (KCs), genetic access to individual LTMs remains elusive.Here, we deve
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an effective tool for simultaneous detection of target genes.Nevertheless, their use has been restricted due to the intrinsic interference between primer pairs.Performing several single PCRs in an array format instead of a multiplex PCR is a simple way to overcome this obstacle.However, there are still m
Background and purposeXanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), which catalyzes purine catabolism, has two interconvertible forms, xanthine Electrical Testers dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase, the latter of which produces superoxide during uric acid (UA) synthesis.An association between plasma XOR activity and cardiovascular and renal outcomes has been prev
Cell-binding ligands for RG2 rat glioma were identified in our recent study from a library of peptides that are displayed as fusion molecules on phage particles.Here, one of the phage clones was used to affinity purify those cell membrane components to which the displayed peptides bind.This phage clone, displaying the ELRGDSLP peptide, was shown to
The current research aims to implement a reliable analytical model in order to scrutinize the transient behavior of a counter-flow non-premixed combustion system fueled by wet porous biomass particles under non-adiabatic conditions, including several processes such as phase change and dehumidification.A special term is added to the heat equation ba